Advances in Materials

Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018

  • The X-Ray Diffraction Method for Study of Growth Defects in CVD Diamond Single Crystals

    Andrzej Badzian

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 89-104
    Received: Jul. 28, 2018
    Accepted: Oct. 11, 2018
    Published: Nov. 06, 2018
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.11
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    Abstract: X-ray diffraction from Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) gem-quality colorless diamond single crystals, grown with nitrogen addition in methane –hydrogen plasma mixture, was studied by imaging plate area detector (IPD) giving pixel pattern. Growth defects are responsible for rising x-ray diffuse scattering beyond reciprocal lattice points (rlp), desc... Show More
  • Fabrication and Characterization of Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Based Composite for Civil Applications

    Md. Saddam Hossain, Md. Sahadat Hossain, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, A. M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury, Ruhul A. Khan

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 105-110
    Received: Sep. 25, 2018
    Accepted: Oct. 19, 2018
    Published: Nov. 06, 2018
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.12
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    Abstract: Composite is one of the most widely used materials because of their adaptability to different situations. Composites have gained popularity in high performance products to take harsh loading conditions such as, tails, wings, propellers, scull hulls because of their low costs, ease in designing and production of functional parts etc. Selection of th... Show More
  • Role of [Cu]/[In] Molar Ratio in Controlling Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Sprayed CuInS2 Thin Films

    Mazabalo Baneto, Damgou Mani Kongnine, Krishnasamy Ravichandran, Donafolgo Soro, Koffi Sagna, Kossi Napo

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 111-117
    Received: Oct. 25, 2018
    Accepted: Nov. 10, 2018
    Published: Dec. 18, 2018
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.13
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    Abstract: CuInS2 thin films were deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis from aqueous solutions containing CuCl2, InCl. and thiourea at substrate temperature of 300°C and annealed at 500°C in air. [Cu]/[In] molar ratio was varied from 0.8 to 1.4 in precursor solution. The influence of [Cu]/[In] molar ratio on structural, morphological and optical properties of... Show More
  • Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fibers

    Mike Alexandre, Emile Perez, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Sophie Franceschi, Damien Coudeyre, Jean-Christophe Garrigues

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 118-127
    Received: Nov. 06, 2018
    Accepted: Nov. 26, 2018
    Published: Dec. 18, 2018
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.14
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    Abstract: The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (< 20 µm). PolyEtherKetoneKetone (PEKK) is a high-performance polymer used as a matrix in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) or as a sizing agent. To limit the formulation steps and the use of organic solvents, the sonofragmentation process can be used to deagglomerate polymers, directly in the final aqueous formulation. The sonofragmentation process is controlled by multiple parameters and, in order to identify the key parameters, a quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) study was performed using artificial neural networks (ANN). The 40 formulations of this study were characterized with the aim of quantifying the sonofragmentation effect. Various physicochemical techniques were used: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), destabilization velocity of the dispersions by analytical centrifugation, and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that only two parameters (mass concentration of surfactant and duration of sonication) had a notable effect on the sonofragmentation process. By controlling these two parameters, it was possible to define a design space in the stability domain of the formulations and to calculate a sonofragmentation efficiency (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) < 20 µm. In optimized aqueous formulations, the majority of particles should have Ps ... Show More
  • Correlation Between Shear Strengths of Disturbed and Undisturbed Soils at Three Sites in Burkina Faso

    Abdou Lawane, Nadjibou Abdoulaye Hama, Marie Thèrese Gomis, Adjoudou Ngnintedem Maruis, Adamah Messan

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 128-136
    Received: Nov. 09, 2018
    Accepted: Dec. 03, 2018
    Published: Dec. 28, 2018
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.15
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    Abstract: In the field of construction, performing laboratory tests of soil mechanics and geotechnics is a key step. Tests performed on undisturbed soil samples are sometimes required. The major difficulty in the success of these tests is in the prevention of any change in the state of these materials which may be due to coring, transport and sampling in the... Show More
  • Electrical Performance and Stability of ZnO Thin-Film Transistors Incorporating Gadolinium Oxide High-k Dielectrics

    Divine Khan Ngwashi, Shashi Paul, Anjana Devi, Richard Barrie Michael Cross

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 137-143
    Received: Nov. 21, 2018
    Accepted: Dec. 13, 2018
    Published: Jan. 10, 2019
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.16
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    Abstract: This work investigates the performance and gate bias stress instability of ZnO-based thin film transistors (ZnO-TFTs) incorporating amorphous gadolinium oxide, a high-k dielectric material. ZnO thin films produced via radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering were used as channel layers. The source/drain electrodes were achieved by the the... Show More
  • Optimization of Intercritical Annealing Process Parameters for SCM435 Alloy Steel Wires by Using Taguchi Method

    Chih-Cheng Yang, Nan-Hua Lu

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2018
    Pages: 144-152
    Received: Dec. 07, 2018
    Accepted: Dec. 27, 2018
    Published: Jan. 16, 2019
    DOI: 10.11648/j.am.20180704.17
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    Abstract: The quality of a spheroidized annealed wire affects the forming quality of fasteners. In the fastener industry, wire manufacturers use an intercritical process for spheroidized annealing medium carbon steel wires. The influence of intercritical annealing parameters namely section-area reductions, preheating rate, spheroidized annealing temperature,... Show More